Patient Education
Welcome to Grizzly Spine Pain & Rehab's Patient Education Library!
Below, please find our comprehensive list of resources and educational materials designed to help teach about various conditions. Please remember, that this information is intended for educational and informational purposes only. This information should not be used in place of an individual consultation or examination or replace the advice of your medical professional, and should not be relied upon to determine diagnosis or course of treatment.
Of course, if you have any questions or concerns regarding any condition or treatment, please feel free to contact Grizzly Spine Pain & Rehab.
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Achilles Tendon Tear & Repair
The Achilles tendon is the most powerful tendon in the human body. Tendons are strong tissues that connect muscles to bone. The Achilles tendon is located in the lower back part of the leg and works with the calf muscles ... Read More
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ACL Tear & Reconstruction - Knee Ligament Injury
The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the most commonly injured ligaments in the knee. Ligaments are strong non-elastic fibers that connect our bones together. The ACL crosses inside of the knee, connecting the thighbone to the leg. It ... Read More
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Acupuncture - Chiropractic Treatment
Acupuncture is an ancient treatment art that originated in China over 5000 years ago. Today’s professional acupuncture methods are grounded in science and used as treatments for a wide variety of conditions. Acupuncture involves the insertion of very fine needles ... Read More
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Aging Skin
Wrinkles, crows feet, age spots...call them what you like, but if you are bothered by their presence, they are considered unwanted signs of aging. Everyone’s skin is genetically programmed to change as part of the natural aging process. Sun exposure ... Read More
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Ankle Replacement
Total ankle replacement surgery, or ankle arthroplasty, can improve ankle function and relieve severe pain caused by arthritis and other conditions. As more FDA-approved ankle implants have become available, ankle replacement has become the preferred alternative to ankle fusion. ... Read More
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Ankle Sprain & Instability
Ankle Sprains are a very common injury that can happen to anyone. Our ankles support our entire body weight and are vulnerable to instability. Walking on an uneven surface or wearing the wrong shoes can cause a sudden loss of ... Read More
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Anterior Hip Replacement
When you need surgery to replace a damaged or diseased hip, some orthopedic surgeons have advanced training to perform anterior hip arthroplasty, also known as the direct anterior approach to hip replacement. This procedure is considered ... Read More
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Apex 800 Hair Removal Laser
Unwanted hair in unwanted places can be bothersome and embarrassing for both men and women. The Apex 800 Hair Removal Laser is a revolutionary hair removal system that is fast, safe, and produces immediate results. Unlike other hair removal lasers, ... Read More
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Aquatic Therapy
Orthopaedic conditions, medical conditions, and neurological disorders may reduce your ability to bear weight on your legs, tolerate the impact exercise on land, or move against the forces of gravity. Aquatic therapy is a rehabilitation option that allows people to ... Read More
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Arm Lift - Brachioplasty
An arm lift (brachioplasty) is a cosmetic surgery procedure to remove fat and/or sagging skin under the upper arm to create a firmer toned appearance. The upper arms can become droopy or flabby looking because of increasing age, weight changes, ... Read More
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Arthritis
Arthritis is a common disease that causes joint pain, stiffness, immobility, and swelling. Arthritis is actually a term for a group of over 100 diseases that affect the muscle and skeletal system, particularly the joints. Arthritis alters the cartilage in ... Read More
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Arthrocentesis - Pain Management
Arthrocentesis or aspiration is a treatment to relieve joint pain and swelling. Arthrocentesis is appropriate for larger joints including the knee, hip, sacroiliac, shoulder, elbow, and wrist. It is useful for treating joint swelling caused by infection, gout, and rheumatoid ... Read More
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Balanced Diet and Nutrition
The food that you eat can directly affect your health. As Americans are facing higher rates of obesity, diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disease, it is more important than ever to make sure that you and your family are eating a ... Read More
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Bioidentical Hormones
Bioidentical hormones are an alternative treatment option for hormone imbalance. Hormone imbalances are common, especially during midlife transition. Hormones occur naturally in the body and regulate a variety of functions. Traditional synthetic hormone replacement (HRT) has been associated with unwanted ... Read More
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Bone Mineral Density Testing
Bone Mineral Density Testing (BMD) is an evaluation used to help diagnose osteoporosis, a progressive disease that causes bone loss, and increases bone fracture risk. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) is a type of bone density testing. BMD testing is generally recommended ... Read More
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BOTOX for Pain Management
BOTOX® is useful for more than smoothing out wrinkles. In fact, it is indicated for treating painful muscle spasms and contractions in the neck (cervical dystonia), tension headaches, migraine headaches, back pain, and myofascial pain. BOTOX injections are used to ... Read More
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BOTOX® Cosmetics
Botox Cosmetic is used by both men and women for vanishing frown lines without surgery or downtime. Botox is an injected prescription medication that temporarily improves the appearance of moderate to severe frown lines between the eyebrows (glabellar lines). Approximately ... Read More
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Breast Augmentation
Breast augmentation is a cosmetic surgery procedure that uses implants to enlarge or change the shape of the breasts. It is a popular option for women that feel their breasts are too small and want to enhance their figure. Women ... Read More
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Breast Lift - Mastopexy
A breast lift (mastopexy) is a cosmetic surgery procedure that is used to create more youthful-shaped breasts. It is a popular option for women that feel their breasts have lost their shape, are happy with their breast size in a ... Read More
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Breast Reduction for Men with Gynecomastia
Breast reduction for men (reduction mammoplasty) is a cosmetic and reconstructive surgical procedure that is used to reduce the size of the breasts. Men may experience enlarged breasts (gynecomastia) for several reasons, including hormone abnormalities, hereditary conditions, disease, use of ... Read More
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Breast Reduction for Women - Mammaplasty
A breast reduction (mammaplasty) is a cosmetic or reconstructive surgical procedure that is used to remove excess breast tissue, and reduce the size of the breasts. Women with large breasts may experience back and shoulder discomfort or pain, activity limitations, ... Read More
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Brow Lift
A brow lift, also referred to as a forehead lift, is a cosmetic surgery procedure used to correct the effects of aging skin on the upper portion of the face. A brow lift will smooth or soften forehead wrinkles and ... Read More
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Buttock Implants
Buttock augmentation is a cosmetic surgery procedure for males and females that uses implants to enhance the size and shape of the buttocks. Buttock implants can improve the appearance of small buttocks or underdeveloped muscles that are difficult to attain ... Read More
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Captique™ - Facial Rejuvenation
Captique™ is a skin filler treatment used to rapidly add volume beneath the surface of the skin and improve the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. Captique treatments are quick and safe. You can receive Captique during your lunch hour. ... Read More
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Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS)
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is a common condition that affects the hand and wrist. It occurs when the Median Nerve in the wrist is compressed. Nerves carry messages between our brains, spinal cord, and body parts. The Median Nerve carries signals for sensation and ... Read More
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Carpal Tunnel Syndrome - Endoscopic Release Surgery
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is a common condition that affects the hand and wrist. It occurs when the Median Nerve in the wrist is compressed. Nerves carry messages between our brains, spinal cord, and body parts. The Median Nerve carries signals for sensation and ... Read More
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Carpal Tunnel Syndrome - Open Release Surgery
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is a common condition that affects the hand and wrist. It occurs when the Median Nerve in the wrist is compressed. Nerves carry messages between our brains, spinal cord, and body parts. The Median Nerve carries signals for sensation and ... Read More
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Cervical Degenerative Disc Disease - Spinal Cord and Nerve Compression
Cervical degenerative disc disease is a condition that can compress the spinal cord and nerves in the neck. Intervertebral discs are shock-absorbing pads located between vertebrae, the small bones that make up your spine. Aging can cause the discs to ... Read More
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Cervical Facet Radiofrequency Neurotomy - Neck
Cervical facet radiofrequency neurotomy (facet rhizotomy) is used to treat nerve pain in the neck and/or shoulder. This technique is useful for those patients who experience short term relief following local anesthetic blocks of the nerves supplying the cervical facet ... Read More
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Cervical Radiculopathy - Cervical Nerve Compression
Cervical radiculopathy is a condition that results when a nerve is pinched or irritated as it leaves the spine in the neck. Nerves from the spinal cord exit at various levels from the spine and travel throughout the body. With ... Read More
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Cervical Selective Nerve Root Block - Neck
A cervical selective nerve root block is used to diagnose and in some cases, treat nerve pain in the neck. A variety of conditions can affect the nerves in the neck, which not only can cause pain in the neck, ... Read More
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Cervical Spondylitic Myelopathy - Spinal Cord Compression
Cervical spondylitic myelopathy is a condition that affects the spinal cord in the neck. It is the most common spinal cord disorder in the United States. Cervical spondylitic myelopathy most frequently occurs in adults because of degenerative changes in the ... Read More
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Cheek Implants
Cheek augmentation is a cosmetic surgery procedure that uses implants to change the size or shape of the cheeks. Cheek implants may be used to create prominent high cheekbones or chiseled features for both men and women. Cheek implants can ... Read More
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Chin Implants
Chin augmentation is a cosmetic surgery procedure that uses implants to change the size or shape of the chin. Chin implants can improve the appearance of weak or receded chins. Chin implants can add projection of your chin to improve ... Read More
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Cluster Headache
Cluster headaches are named so because they occur in predictable patterns, often as regular as clockwork. They are one of the most painful types of headaches. Fortunately, treatments and medication can help reduce symptoms and the number of headache episodes. ... Read More
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Coccydynia - Tailbone Pain
Coccydynia is an uncommon painful condition that originates from the coccyx, the tailbone at the end of the spine. Trauma and falls are the most frequent causes of coccydynia. In the vast majority of cases, nonsurgical treatment, such as medications ... Read More
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Cold Therapy
Cold therapy is a non-surgical non-medication modality used to help relieve pain and swelling. Cold therapy is commonly used immediately following an injury. There are many forms of cold therapy, including ice massage, commercial cold packs, or ice packs. Your doctor ... Read More
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Collagen Injections
Collagen injections are nonsurgical cosmetic procedures used to reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. Collagen injections are most frequently used to treat frown lines, crow’s feet, laugh lines, and smile lines. It is also used to add fullness or ... Read More
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Colonoscopy
A colonoscopy is a procedure that uses a scope to view the inside lining of the entire colon. A scope is a long thin tube with a light and a viewing instrument that sends images to a monitor. The scope ... Read More
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Cosmetic Laser Treatment for Spots, Freckles, & Lesions
Cosmetic laser surgery treatments are non-surgical methods of removing or improving the appearance of freckles, liver spots, and pigmented lesions. A laser wand device is used to deliver small precise amounts of light energy. The light is delivered in brief ... Read More
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Cosmetic Laser Treatments
Cosmetic laser treatments are non-surgical methods that improve the appearance of skin. A medical laser is a device that delivers a small but precise amount of light energy. The light is delivered in a series of brief pulses where only targeted ... Read More
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Costovertebral Block
Your ribs are joined to your spine by the costovertebral joints in your upper back. A variety of conditions can cause pain in this area. A costovertebral block is a procedure that is used both to diagnose and treat the source ... Read More
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Cubital Tunnel Syndrome - Ulnar Nerve Transposition (Elbow)
Cubital Tunnel Syndrome is a condition caused by pressure on the ulnar nerve at the elbow. Nerves carry messages between the brain, spinal cord, and body parts. When a nerve is compressed, it cannot function properly. Cubital Tunnel Syndrome is ... Read More
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Cynosure Apogee Elite - Laser Hair, Vein, Lesion Removal
Cynosure Apogee Elite is a comprehensive hair removal and spider vein treatment system. It is also an effective method for removing noncancerous colored lesions of the skin. The revolutionary laser has an adjustable wavelength, allowing you to receive customized laser ... Read More
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Degenerative Disc Disease - Pain Management
Your spine is made up of a series of bones. Shock-absorbing pads, called discs, are located between each of the bones. With age, the discs can begin to break down or deteriorate, and lead to a condition called degenerative disc disease. ... Read More
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Degenerative Disc Disease - Spine Degeneration
Degenerative Disc Disease is a condition that causes the intervertebral discs in the spine to deteriorate or breakdown. Intervertebral discs are the shock-absorbing pads located between your vertebrae. The vertebrae are the series of bones that make up your spine. Degenerative ... Read More
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Deviated Septum
The shape of your nose can give your face “character,” but it may also give you headaches, breathing problems, sinus infections, and cause snoring. The septum in most people’s nose is naturally a bit off center. The septum is the ... Read More
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DiamondTome™ Skin Resurfacing
Aging and cumulative sun exposure can cause the skin to lose its youthful appearance. Skin on the face and body can develop fine lines, wrinkles, texture changes, age spots, and blotchy color differences. Fortunately, DiamondTome™ Skin Resurfacing is a non-invasive ... Read More
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Discography
Discography is a diagnostic procedure to help identify the source of back or neck pain. Discs are cushions located between the bones that make up your spine. Normally, discs act as shock-absorbers to protect the bones in the spine. Aging or ... Read More
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Ear Surgery (Cosmetic) - Otoplasty
No set of ears are exactly alike, but some people find protruding ears to be unattractive or bothersome. They can make children and adults self-conscious and the target of teasing. Fortunately, cosmetic ear surgery called otoplasty can reposition the ears ... Read More
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Electromyography (EMG) - Nerve Test
Electromyography (EMG) is an electrodiagnostic test that measures the nerve impulses in muscles during contraction. Nerves throughout the body exchange information with the brain through nerve impulses. Healthy muscles need nerve input to perform movements. Doctors use EMG to identify muscle ... Read More
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Epidural Injections - Low Back (Lumbar)
Epidural injections are a non-surgical treatment option for low back (lumbar) pain and pain radiating into the legs. The procedure involves delivering pain relieving medications directly to or near the source of the pain in the spine during a short ... Read More
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Epidural Injections - Neck (Cervical Transforaminal Steroid Injection)
Cervical transforaminal epidural steroid injections are a non-surgical option to ease pain in the neck, shoulder and upper extremity. The neck is a vulnerable part of the spine and is susceptible to injury and degeneration. A variety of conditions can ... Read More
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Epidural Injections - Upper Back (Thoracic)
Epidural injections are a non-surgical treatment option for upper back (thoracic) pain. The procedure involves delivering pain-relieving medications directly to or near the source of the pain in the spine during a short outpatient procedure. Epidural injections can be very ... Read More
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Erectile Dysfunction
Erectile Dysfunction (ED) is the inability to maintain an erection long enough to have sexual intercourse. It is normal for men to have trouble maintaining an erection from time to time. However, if it occurs more than 25% of the time, it may be time ... Read More
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Exercise Therapy - Pain Management
Exercise therapy focuses on helping the body function at a higher level of efficiency. Exercise is important for helping all body systems function optimally while preventing injury, pain, and deterioration. Exercise therapy may help improve flexibility, strength, endurance, and posture. ... Read More
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Eyelid Lift - Blepharoplasty
An eyelid lift, also called blepharoplasty, is a cosmetic surgery procedure that improves the appearance of the upper and/or lower eyelids. The procedure removes fat and excess skin from the upper and lower eyelids. An eyelid lift may also be ... Read More
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Face Lift
A face lift is a cosmetic surgery procedure used to improve the appearance of aging facial skin. It is one of the most frequently performed cosmetic treatments. Face lifts are most popular among people in their forties to sixties; however, ... Read More
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Facet Injections - Pain Management
Facet injections are non-surgical treatments to relieve pain and inflammation of the facet joints in the spine. Facet joints are located on the top and bottom of each vertebra. Facet joints connect the vertebrae to form the spine and allow ... Read More
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Facet Joint Syndrome - Pain Management
The facet joints connect the bones that align to make up the spine. Healthy facet joints glide freely and allow movement. The natural aging process, injury, arthritis, and certain spine conditions can change the way that the facet joints move and ... Read More
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Facial Peels
Facial peels, also called Chemical Peels, are nonsurgical cosmetic treatments used to improve the appearance of facial skin (skin resurfacing). Aging, sun exposure, acne, mild scarring, wrinkles, and discoloration can cause facial skin to appear old, rough, leathery, and unattractive. ... Read More
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Fibromyalgia
Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition that causes widespread pain and tender points on muscles. Although the exact cause of fibromyalgia is unknown, there appear to be several factors that may contribute to it. In addition to lifestyle changes and physical ... Read More
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Fluoroscopy
A fluoroscopy is a live X-ray that creates real-time images. It is especially useful for diagnosing upper or lower digestive tract disorders (barium enema, barium swallow) or joint problems (arthrography). The live images can help a doctor determine how a ... Read More
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Full Body Lift - Body Contouring After Major Weight Loss
Significant weight loss following weight reduction surgery or dieting and exercise can result in excess skin and tissue that cannot “shrink” to be in proportion with the new body size. Skin that was overstretched from weight gain may not have ... Read More
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Golfer's Elbow - Medial Epicondylitis
Golfer's Elbow (medial epicondylitis) is a type of cumulative trauma injury. Golfer's Elbow results when the tendons that attach to the inner elbow degenerate. Tendons do not stretch easily and are vulnerable to degeneration during repetitive motions, such as those ... Read More
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Gout
Gout is a disorder that can cause sudden joint pain. It occurs most commonly in the big toe, although it may affect other joints. The buildup of uric acid, a substance found naturally in the body and in certain foods, ... Read More
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Hair Loss
Hair loss, also referred to as alopecia or balding, is a very common condition. Balding is very common in men, although both men and women tend to lose hair thickness as they age. In most cases, hair loss is inherited ... Read More
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Hand Nerve Injury and Repair
Nerve injuries in the hand can result from cuts, pressure, stretching, or crush injuries. An injured nerve cannot transmit nerve signals. An injured nerve can cause a lack of sensation, movement, or both. Some types of nerve ... Read More
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Hand Therapy
Hand Therapy is a specialized area of rehabilitation. Your doctor may refer you to an occupational therapist or physical therapist with advanced skills or a Certified Hand Therapist (CHT) for hand therapy. A CHT is an occupational or physical therapist ... Read More
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Headaches - Chiropractic Treatment
Headaches are a very common condition. Headaches can cause pain in the head, face, and neck. There are several different types and causes of headaches. Traditionally, medication has been used to treat headaches. Recent studies indicate that long-term chiropractic treatment ... Read More
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Heart Disease
Heart disease, also called cardiovascular disease, is a common problem in the United States. It occurs when the heart and blood vessels do not function properly. The most common cause is narrowing or blockage of the arteries that supply blood ... Read More
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Heat Therapy
Heat therapy is a treatment used to help relieve pain and muscle stiffness. Heat therapy is commonly used to reduce long-lasting or chronic pain. There are many forms of heat therapy, including commercial heat packs, heating pads, and moist or ... Read More
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Heel Pain
Your heels bear tons of pressure each day when you stand and walk. It’s no wonder that heel pain is a common complaint. Heel pain occurs for a variety of reasons, from wearing the wrong type of shoes to abnormal ... Read More
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Heel Spurs
Heel spurs are abnormal bony growths that develop at the back of or under the heel. Inflammation around a spur, more so than the spur itself, can cause significant pain. Fortunately, symptoms can be eased with non-surgical treatments for the vast ... Read More
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Herniated Disc - Pain Management
A herniated disc, also called a “ruptured” disc, is a common source of neck or lower back pain. Discs are cushion-like pads that are located between the series of small bones that make up the spine. A herniated disc occurs ... Read More
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High Cholesterol - Dyslipidemia
High cholesterol occurs when there is too much or an unhealthy balance of cholesterol in the blood. Your body needs some cholesterol for healthy functioning but too much is dangerous to your health. High cholesterol has no symptoms. The only ... Read More
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Hip Fracture - ORIF
Hip Fractures are most commonly caused by falls. The risk for Hip Fractures increases with age. Older adults, especially those over the age of 85, are at the highest risk because of changes in bone structure and overall health. Medical ... Read More
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Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) Laser Vein Removal
With increasing age, the majority of women and large numbers of men experience unsightly varicose and spider veins in their legs. These vascular lesions may appear for many reasons including increasing age, heredity, hormone changes, and obesity. In the past, ... Read More
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Interscalene Brachial Plexus Block
An interscalene brachial plexus block uses injected medication to numb the shoulder and upper arm prior to surgical procedures or repositioning (reduction) of a dislocated shoulder. An interscalene brachial plexus block delivers numbing medication to nerves in the shoulder and ... Read More
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Interstitial Cystitis
Interstitial cystitis is an ongoing bladder problem that causes an urgency to urinate, frequent urination, and pain. Episodes may come and go. Although there is no cure for interstitial cystitis, there are a variety of treatments that can help to ... Read More
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Iriderm Laser - Skin Rejuvenation
Age spots, red capillaries, freckles, rosacea, moles, and sun damage all are common skin conditions that can make the skin look older. Finally, there is a safe and effective way to minimize the appearance of these bothersome skin conditions—the Iriderm ... Read More
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a very common gastrointestinal (GI) disorder. It is also referred to as nervous indigestion, spastic colon, and functional bowel disease. IBS is defined by the symptoms of abdominal pain and diarrhea or constipation for a prolonged ... Read More
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Juvederm® - Facial Rejuvenation
Wrinkles and loss of skin volume are a natural part of aging. Factors such as heredity, sun exposure, and lifestyle can accelerate the process. Fortunately, Juvederm® is a nonsurgical treatment to plump fine to deep wrinkles, creating a fuller more ... Read More
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Laminaplasty- Cervical Spine - Pain Management
The cervical spine is composed of a series of small bones in your neck. Your spinal cord is located in an opening inside of the bones. The spinal cord and spinal nerves exchange information between your brain and body. Certain ... Read More
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Laser Assisted Liposuction
Laser Assisted Liposuction is a revolutionary new minimally invasive liposuction method. Like traditional liposuction, Laser Assisted Liposuction is used to improve the appearance of the body by removing troublesome areas of fat that persist despite diet and exercise. However, the Laser Assisted Liposuction system uses an ... Read More
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Liposuction
Liposuction (lipoplasty) is a cosmetic surgery procedure that allows fat removal beneath the skin’s surface using small remote incisions to create improved proportions resulting in a better looking figure. For some people, excess fat may remain in certain areas of ... Read More
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Low Back Pain
The vertebrae in your lower back are larger than in any other part of your spine. Vertebrae are the series of bones that align to form your spine. The spinal section in your lower back is called the lumbar spine. ... Read More
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Lumbar Discectomy - Pain Management
The regions of the spine are defined by their vertebral curvature and function. Vertebrae are the bones that align to make up your spine. The lumbar spine is located in your lower back. The main function of the lumbar spine ... Read More
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Lumbar Radiofrequency Neurotomy - Pain Management
Lumbar radiofrequency neurotomy (facet rhizotomy) is used to treat nerve pain that originates in the spine joints of the lower back. Lumbar radiofrequency neurotomy is useful for people that experienced relief following nerve blocks to the area. The procedure “turns ... Read More
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Massage Therapy
Good circulation is an important element of whole body health. Massage therapy can help stimulate and improve circulation to remove the collections of waste products in lymph that cause discomfort. It can help to relieve pain and stiffness and improve ... Read More
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MediDerm® Laser - Facial Rejuvenation
MediDerm® laser is a skin rejuvenation system that reduces wrinkles and skin imperfections. It gives skin a smoother and younger look. The laser delivers a controlled light wavelength that is appropriate for you. It creates a customized peel treatment efficiently. ... Read More
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Meniscus Tear - Knee Cartilage
The menisci are cartilage structures in the knee joint that act as buffers between the bones. The menisci are vulnerable to injury, especially during twisting motions used for sports. Some tears in certain parts of the meniscus may heal on ... Read More
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Menopause
Menopause is a normal and natural part of a woman’s aging process. Menopause, commonly called “the change of life”, occurs around the age of 50. During this time, hormones change and menstruation (“getting periods”) stops. Common symptoms include hot flashes, ... Read More
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Mesotherapy
Mesotherapy is an alternative medicine technique intended to improve the appearance of cellulite or localized collections of fat. Aging and weight gain can cause cellulite/fat deposits in the thighs, buttocks, arms, and abdomen. Mesotherapy involves injecting physician-created formulas into affected ... Read More
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Metabolic Syndrome
Metabolic syndrome is a term used to describe the combined effects of several conditions that increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes. The conditions include high blood pressure, resistance to insulin, abnormal cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and obesity ... Read More
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Microdermabrasion
Microdermabrasion is a nonsurgical cosmetic procedure used to improve the appearance of facial skin. Very superficial skin conditions, such as fine wrinkles, dull skin, age spots, and acne, may be minimized with microdermabrasion. The procedure uses the gentle abrasive action ... Read More
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Migraine Headache
Migraine headache pain can be severe and accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to odors, light and sound. If untreated, migraine symptoms can be so severe that people need to lie down for a few hours or days. Although there ... Read More
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Mini Face Lift
A mini face lift is a cosmetic surgery procedure used to reverse the signs of aging skin. A mini face lift is used to make the lower one third of the face look younger, rested, and refreshed. It can firm ... Read More
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Mini Tummy Tuck
Unwanted fat below the belly button can result from aging, weight gain, or childbirth. This area can be particularly difficult to lose with dieting and exercise. A mini tummy tuck (abdominoplasty) is a cosmetic surgery procedure that removes excess fat ... Read More
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Mohs Micrographic Surgery for Skin Cancer
Mohs micrographic surgery is a specialized surgical treatment for the removal of skin cancer. Mohs surgery is highly effective. It offers the highest potential for recovery for all skin cancer treatments. Mohs surgery has a five-year cure rate of 99% ... Read More
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Myofascial Release
Myofascial release is a rehabilitation treatment that can relieve pain and relax muscles and tissue. Myo is the prefix for muscle, and fascial refers to the smooth tough tissue that covers them. When muscles are injured or strained, both the muscles ... Read More
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Neck Pain
The neck is a very vulnerable part of the spine. It is susceptible to injury. Muscle, ligament, nerve, and spine injuries are common causes of neck pain. Poor posture and “wear and tear” can also cause neck pain. Degenerative diseases, ... Read More
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Neck Pain - Pain Management
The neck is a very vulnerable part of the spine. It is susceptible to injury. Muscle, ligament, nerve, and spine injuries are common causes of neck pain. Poor posture and “wear and tear” can also cause neck pain. Degenerative diseases, ... Read More
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Nerve Conduction Velocity (NCV) Test
A Nerve Conduction Velocity (NCV) Test is an electrodiagnostic procedure that measures how well a nerve works and helps to specify the site of nerve compression. Nerves carry messages between the brain and body. Many conditions, such as tissue swelling, ... Read More
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Neuromuscular Re-education
Neuromuscular re-education is a technique used by rehabilitation therapists to restore normal movement. Together, your nerves and muscles work to produce movements. Nerves send signals between your muscles and your brain about when, where, and how fast to move. It ... Read More
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Neuropathy - Nerve Pain
Neuropathy, also referred to as neuralgia or neuritis, is a type of pain that involves the nerves. Neuropathy results from nerve degeneration, pressure, inflammation, or infection. There are several causes of neuropathy, including carpal tunnel syndrome, pinched nerves, spinal stenosis, ... Read More
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Nose Reshaping - Rhinoplasty
Rhinoplasty, nose reshaping surgery, is the most common of all plastic surgery procedures. Rhinoplasty is used to change the shape of the nose, correct structural or functional problems. Nose reshaping can improve the balance of your facial features and enhance ... Read More
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Obesity & Sleep: Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome (OHS)
People with significant obesity are at risk for developing obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS). OHS results when the body does not receive enough oxygen and does not eliminate enough carbon dioxide while breathing during sleep. OHS can cause extreme daytime sleepiness ... Read More
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Occupational Therapy: An Overview
An injury, disease, or traumatic event may change the way your body functions and the way that you perceive your environment. A single problem or combination of conditions may change the way that you think, act, feel, see, or move ... Read More
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Orthotics
Orthotics are shoe inserts that are used to correct an irregular walking pattern. They perform functions that make standing, walking, and running more comfortable and efficient, by altering slightly the angles at which the foot strikes a walking or running ... Read More
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Osteoporosis
Osteoporosis is the most common bone disease. It causes progressive bone loss and increases the risk of fractures. Osteoporosis is more common in women than men, and the incidence increases with age. Bone loss from osteoporosis can lead to fractures ... Read More
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Pain Management - An Overview
Pain management for orthopedic conditions consists of a variety of treatments aimed at reducing pain. There are many types and causes of orthopedic pain. Orthopedic pain is commonly caused by injury and aging. Back pain may result from irritated or ... Read More
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Pain Management - Prolotherapy
Prolotherapy is an alternative treatment for weakened or injured ligaments and tendons. Ligaments are strong tissues that connect bones to bones. They do not have an excellent blood supply, but they have many nerves that can cause pain, if injured. ... Read More
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Pain Management - Trigger Point Injections
Trigger point injections are used to relieve extremely painful areas of muscle. Trigger points are very tight bands or small areas of a muscle that are very sensitive to touch and pressure. The trigger point can irritate surrounding nerves and ... Read More
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Pain Management: Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS)- Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy (RSD)
Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a type of chronic pain syndrome. CRPS was formerly called reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) and shoulder-hand syndrome. CRPS causes severe burning pain and possible eventual deterioration of an affected arm or leg. The cause ... Read More
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Palomar® Pulsed Light Hair Removal
The Palomar® Pulsed Light Hair Removal system is a revolutionary new way of removing small and large areas of unwanted hair, especially on the legs of women and the back of men. Unlike painful electrolysis or waxing, the Palomar Pulsed ... Read More
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Partial Knee Replacement
Your knee is an important joint that supports the weight of your body and must function correctly for movement and walking. Your knee is made from bone, ligaments and cartilage. One type of cartilage covers the bones, and the other ... Read More
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Patellofemoral Syndrome - Kneecap Problems
Patellofemoral Syndrome is pain in the knee that occurs from poorly aligned knee structures, trauma, or overuse. It is also called runner’s knee and Chondromalacia patellae. Patellofemoral syndrome results when the cartilage behind the kneecap is overstressed or deteriorates. Patellofemoral Syndrome ... Read More
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Percutaneous Disc Nucleoplasty
Intervertebral discs are cushion-like structures that are located between the bones that make up the spine. Under certain conditions, the discs can bulge and cause back pain. Percutaneous disc nucleoplasty is a minimally invasive procedure used to reduce the pressure inside ... Read More
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Peripheral Neuropathy
Peripheral neuropathy is a symptom rather than a disease in itself. It occurs when nerves are damaged resulting in pain and loss of function, such as motor movement or the sense of touch. Peripheral neuropathy commonly develops in the longest ... Read More
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Perlane® - Facial Rejuvenation
Perlane® is a revolutionary new injectable skin filler that is especially formulated to treat moderate to severe facial wrinkles and skin folds. Perlane contains larger gel particles than other skin fillers (ie. Restylane®), allowing it to give more volume and ... Read More
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Phantom Limb Pain
Phantom limb pain is a real condition that occurs in some people after the amputation of an arm or leg. People with phantom limb feel pain as if the amputated limb is still there. The exact mechanism of phantom limb ... Read More
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Photodynamic Therapy - Facial Rejuvenation
Photodynamic therapy is a revolutionary process to improve the appearance of acne and poorly textured skin. It is used to treat a variety of skin conditions including wrinkles, large pores, actinic keratosis, sun damage, pigments, and rough looking skin. The ... Read More
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Photofacial Rejuvenation
Photofacial rejuvenation is a state-of-the-art skin treatment that is used to erase damage on the skin’s surface creating a younger and healthier looking skin. It is effective in treating a variety of skin imperfections including fine wrinkles, freckles, age spots, noncancerous lesions, ... Read More
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Physical Therapy: An Overview
An injury, illness, chemotherapy, bed rest, inactivity, or disease may change the amount of control that you have over moving your body. Alterations in your health status may result in poor endurance, decreased muscle movement, paralysis, and loss of balance, ... Read More
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Pinched Nerves in the Back-Spinal (Lumbar) Fusion/lumbar spinal stenosis
The lumbar spine is a common source of back problems. Your lumbar spine is located in your lower back. The main function of the lumbar spine is to support the weight of your upper body. The joints of the lumbar ... Read More
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Pitcher's Elbow - Little League Elbow
Pitcher’s elbow, also called Little League elbow, results from excessive throwing motions used in sports. It most frequently occurs in baseball, but is associated with other sports that involve throwing. Pitcher’s elbow causes pain and interferes with motion. Many cases ... Read More
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Plantar Fasciitis
Plantar fasciitis is a painful foot condition. It occurs when connective tissue at the bottom of the foot, called the plantar fascia, is irritated and inflamed. The condition commonly occurs among people who spend a lot of time on their ... Read More
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Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) Therapy
Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) Therapy is a cutting-edge procedure that is revolutionizing the field of orthopedic medicine. PRP therapy is a new treatment that relieves pain and promotes long lasting healing of musculoskeletal conditions. PRP Therapy uses components of the body’s ... Read More
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Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction - Acquired Flatfoot
Posterior tibial tendon dysfunction, also known as acquired flatfoot, results when the tendon at the back of the ankle is inflamed or torn. It is a progressive condition that can eventually lead to a fallen arch or flatfoot. Advanced cases, or those ... Read More
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Preparing for Surgery
Surgery can be an overwhelming experience. It is important to go into your surgery feeling secure and confident. This guide will help you to understand what to expect. Understand the procedure Talk to your doctor. Learn what to expect before, during ... Read More
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Progressive Strengthening
Progressive strengthening exercises are used in rehabilitation to increase muscle strength, tone, size, and function. Progressive strengthening is also referred to as “progressive resistance,” “exercise progression,” and the “overload principle.” Injury, disease, and neurological disorders, such as stroke or traumatic ... Read More
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Progressive Strengthening Exercises
Progressive strengthening exercises are used in rehabilitation to increase muscle strength, tone, size, and function. Progressive strengthening is also referred to as “progressive resistance,” “exercise progression,” and the “overload principle.” Injury, disease, and neurological disorders, such as stroke or traumatic ... Read More
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Prolotherapy - Pain Management
Prolotherapy is an alternative treatment for weakened or injured ligaments and tendons. Ligaments are strong tissues that connect bones to bones. They do not have an excellent blood supply, but they have many nerves that can cause pain, if injured. ... Read More
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Radial Tunnel Syndrome (Forearm)
Radial tunnel syndrome occurs when the radial nerve in the arm is compressed. The radial nerve travels through the radial tunnel located on the top (dorsum) of the forearm. The radial nerve can be compressed or irritated in the radial ... Read More
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Radiesse® - Facial Rejuvenation
Radiesse® is a skin filler treatment used to rapidly correct facial lines and wrinkles, particularly nasolabial folds, lines that run from the corners of the nose to the corners of the mouth. Radiesse® works below the skin’s surface to create ... Read More
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Radiofrequency Ablation
For some people, certain facet-related back pain cannot be relieved with traditional treatments. The facet joints connect the bones (vertebrae) in your spine to each other. Each of the bones has two small facet joints located on the back. Radiofrequency ... Read More
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Rehabilitation - Progressive Strengthening
Progressive strengthening exercises are used in rehabilitation to increase muscle strength, tone, size, and function. Progressive strengthening is also referred to as “progressive resistance,” “exercise progression,” and the “overload principle.” Injury, disease, and neurological disorders, such as stroke or traumatic ... Read More
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Restylane® - Facial Rejuvenation
Restylane® is a skin filler that is used to rejuvenate and enhance the appearance of aging facial skin. Restylane restores natural volume to your skin—correcting fine lines, creating fuller lips, and enhancing the shape of your cheeks or chin or ... Read More
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Rotator Cuff Tear & Repair
Rotator cuff tears are a common source of shoulder pain. The rotator cuff consists of four shoulder muscles and their tendons. Tendons are strong fibers that connect our muscles to our bones. The shoulder muscles and tendons cover the upper ... Read More
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Sciatica - Pain Management
The sciatic nerve is the thickest and longest nerve in your body. The sciatic nerve extends from your lower back down to your feet. If the sciatic nerve is compressed or inflamed, a painful condition called Sciatica can result. Symptoms ... Read More
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Sclerotherapy for Varicose Veins & Spider Veins
Sclerotherapy is a treatment for small varicose or spider veins. Sclerotherapy involves the tiny injections of a medication into affected veins. The solution used causes the veins to shrink and eventually dissolve. Sclerotherapy may improve the appearance of veins and ... Read More
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Scoliosis - Curvature of the Spine
Scoliosis is an abnormal curvature of the spine. A healthy spine has natural front to back curves. Scoliosis is a condition that describes side to side curvatures of the spine, that often also involve rotational deformities. Some people are born ... Read More
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Shin Splints
Shin splints is a term to describe pain at the front or lower inside edge of the leg. The pain is most frequently caused by muscle overuse, improper form when exercising, or wearing the wrong type of athletic shoes. Most ... Read More
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Shingles
Shingles are a painful rash that develops in nearly 1 in 3 Americans. The risk of developing shingles increases with age. More than half of all shingles cases occur in people over the age of 60, although children can develop ... Read More
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Shoulder Arthroscopy
The shoulder can perform movements in more directions and to greater extents than any other joint in our body. But because it can perform so many movements, the shoulder is vulnerable to stress and injury. Shoulder injuries are very common, ... Read More
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Shoulder Impingement Syndrome - Shoulder Tendonitis
Shoulder impingement syndrome is a painful condition in the shoulder. It occurs when the tendons in the shoulder are irritated, inflamed or degenerated from repetitive overhead motions or structural abnormalities in the shoulder. Shoulder impingement syndrome is treated with activity modification, ... Read More
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SilkPeel™ Dermalinfusion™ - Facial Rejuvenation
SilkPeel™ Dermalinfusion™ is the only skin rejuvenation procedure that provides both non-invasive exfoliation and the delivery of skin-specific topical solutions. SilkPeel Dermalinfusion leaves your skin fresher feeling and better looking. Unlike other skin treatments, it does not use crystals or ... Read More
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Sleep Apnea
Sleep apnea is a common and under-diagnosed sleep disorder. It causes repeated episodes of stopped breathing (apneic episodes) and startling or gasping for air during sleep. People with sleep apnea frequently do not realize that they have it. The consequences ... Read More
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SmartLipo™
SmartLipo™ is a revolutionary new minimally invasive liposuction method. Like traditional liposuction, SmartLipo is used to improve the appearance of the body by removing troublesome areas of fat that persist despite diet and exercise. However, the SmartLipo system uses an ... Read More
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Spinal Cord Stimulation (SCS) for Pain Relief
Introduction Spinal cord stimulation is a pain relieving treatment for chronic back pain. Spinal cord stimulation can be useful for some people that have failed other forms of treatment. The stimulator is a small device that is surgically placed beneath the ... Read More
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Spinal Cord Tumors
Spinal cord tumors may originate in the spinal cord or result from the spread of cancer from another location in the body. Your spinal cord transmits sensory, movement, and reflex information between your brain and body. Spinal cord tumors need ... Read More
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Spinal Stenosis
The lower back is a common place to experience pain and discomfort. The lumbar spine is located in your lower back. The bones align to form the spine. Aging, arthritis, and degenerative conditions can cause the bones to change shape and ... Read More
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Spondylolisthesis - Slipped Vertebrae
Small bones, called vertebrae, align to form the spine in your back. A healthy spine supports the body, while allowing movement. Spondylolisthesis occurs when age or injury causes a vertebra in the lower back to slip forward and out of ... Read More
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Spondylolysis - Stress Fracture of Spine- Pain Management
Adolescents that participate in high impact sports and adults with physically demanding jobs have the greatest risk of spondylolysis, a type of stress fracture in the lower part of the spine. Spondylolysis may or may not cause symptoms, such as ... Read More
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Stellate Ganglion Block
A stellate ganglion block is an injection used to diagnose or treat certain nerve conditions. The stellate ganglion is a group of nerves located at the front of the neck. A stellate ganglion block is used to prevent pain signals from ... Read More
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Stress Fracture - Leg and Foot
Stress fractures are tiny hairline breaks in the bone. They tend to develop in the legs or feet of dancers, athletes, or military personnel who exercise when their muscles are fatigued or when their bodies are not yet conditioned to ... Read More
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Tennis Elbow - Lateral Epicondylitis
Tennis Elbow is a condition that results in deterioration of the tendon fibers that attach to the bone at the outside of the elbow. Tendons are strong fibers that attach muscles to bone. They are tissues that do not stretch ... Read More
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Tension Headache
Tension headaches are the most common type of primary headache, meaning that they are not caused by an underlying medical disorder. Most people will experience a tension headache in their lifetime. They occur most frequently between the ages of 20 ... Read More
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The Digestive System/How it works
Whenever you eat and drink, food travels through your digestive system for processing. Your body absorbs nutrients and removes waste products via your digestive system. As water is absorbed from your digestive system, the waste products become more solid and ... Read More
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The Heart: How it Works
The Heart: How it Works The heart is the core of the cardiovascular system. Your cardiovascular system consists of your heart and the blood vessels that carry blood throughout your body. Your heart is located to the left of the middle ... Read More
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Thigh and Buttock Lift - Thighplasty
A thigh and buttock lift (thighplasty) is used to remove excess tissue and fat following substantial weight loss. After weight reduction surgery or diet and exercise, skin in the thigh and buttock area may have lost elasticity and may not ... Read More
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Thoracic Facet Radiofrequency Neurotomy - Upper Back
Thoracic facet radiofrequency neurotomy (facet rhizotomy) is used to treat nerve pain in the upper back after other forms of treatment have failed. The procedure “turns off” the specific nerve that carries information about pain. The treatment provides pain relief for ... Read More
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TMJ Disorder
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is unique in that it allows your lower jaw to perform motions in several different directions. You use lower jaw motions whenever you talk, swallow, chew, or yawn. Because of the complexity of the joint structure, ... Read More
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Toe Fracture
Toe fractures can certainly hurt, but they are rarely incapacitating. They most frequently result from some type of trauma. The majority of toe fractures can heal without surgery. ... Read More
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Trigger Finger and Trigger Thumb
Trigger Finger and Trigger Thumb, medically termed Stenosing Tenosynovitis, are common hand conditions. This condition occurs when the tendons in the thumb and fingers do not glide smoothly. Tendons are strong tissues that connect our muscles to our bones. Trigger ... Read More
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Trigger Points & Trigger Point Injections
A trigger point is a small area in a muscle that is very sensitive to touch or pressure. It can be extremely painful. Injury, overexertion, muscle tension, and muscle spasms are common causes of trigger points. They most frequently occur ... Read More
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Tummy Tuck - Abdominoplasty
A tummy tuck (abdominoplasty) is a cosmetic surgery procedure that is used to create a firmer flatter abdomen. It is common for excess fat deposits and loose sagging skin to develop in the abdomen as a result of aging, weight ... Read More
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Ultrasound Therapy - Pain Management/Rehabilitation
Ultrasound therapy is used to minimize muscle pain and movement dysfunction. Therapeutic ultrasound uses sound waves to deliver deep heat to the treated tissues. The treatments may help reduce stiffness, swelling, and pain, increase circulation, and promote pain-free movement. Ultrasound ... Read More
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Vaser® Lipo
Vaser® Lipo is a revolutionary new body contouring method for creating a sleeker and firmer silhouette. Many people have areas of unwanted fat deposits despite healthy eating and regular exercise. Vaser Lipo is perfect for removing stubborn fat deposits from ... Read More
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Virtual Colonoscopy
A virtual colonoscopy is a procedure that uses medical imaging and computers to create a three-dimensional picture of the colon and rectum. The test is most frequently used to diagnose pre-cancerous polyps and colorectal cancer. It is a relatively quick ... Read More
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Viscosupplementation Therapy - Pain Management
Viscosupplementation therapy is a treatment for knee osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis is a common type of arthritis that causes bone degeneration and synovial fluid reduction. Synovial fluid acts as a shock absorber and lubricant in the knee joint. Arthritis and a decrease ... Read More
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Weight Management
Weighing too much or too little can be a problem. In the United States, weighing too much is the more common situation. It can be unhealthy to be underweight or overweight. Of growing concern, many Americans are becoming obese, which ... Read More
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Whiplash
Whiplash occurs when the head moves suddenly from severe impact, such as during a car crash. Whiplash can cause neck pain, upper back pain, shoulder pain, tight muscles, and burning or tingling sensations in your neck or upper back. Most ... Read More
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Whiplash - Chiropractic Treatment
Neck and upper back pain may occur immediately or in a somewhat delayed fashion after an auto crash. If you have neck pain, upper back pain, shoulder pain, tight muscles, and burning or tingling sensations in your neck or upper ... Read More
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This information is intended for educational and informational purposes only. It should not be used in place of an individual consultation or examination or replace the advice of your health care professional and should not be relied upon to determine diagnosis or course of treatment.
The grizzlyspine patient education library was written collaboratively by the grizzlyspine editorial team which includes Senior Medical Authors Dr. Mary Car-Blanchard, OTD/OTR/L and Valerie K. Clark, and the following editorial advisors: Steve Meadows, MD, Ernie F. Soto, DDS, Ronald J. Glatzer, MD, Jonathan Rosenberg, MD, Christopher M. Nolte, MD, David Applebaum, MD, Jonathan M. Tarrash, MD, and Paula Soto, RN/BSN. This content complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information. The library commenced development on September 1, 2005 with the latest update/addition on February 16, 2022. For information on grizzlyspine’s other services including medical website design, visit www.grizzlyspine.com.
